Résumé :
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A population of 446 patients with chronic respiratory failure (CRF) (age 10-90 yrs; F 39%, M 61%) under noninvasive ventilation (NIV) were retrospectively studied during a 10 years period. 43% were obstructive (OCRF), 36% restrictive (RCRF), combined (O+R) (CCR). OCRF patients were mainly COPD (59%), bronchiectasis (13%) and cystic fibrosis (15%). RCRF patients were neuromuscular (28%), tuberculosis sequelae (24%) chest wall diseases (19%), and obesity (19%). CCRF associated mainly COPD and tuberculosis sequelae (31%), bronchiectasis (29%), COPD and obesity (22%). Compliance under NIV was considered as good in 63%. Median survival was 6 years on the whole population, with 148 patients died at the end of the follow up and 44 patients who stopped NIV because of poor tolerance in 74% of them. Elderly patients, defined by age > 80 (1/3 of the population) presented as RCRF in 65%, OCRF in 24%, CCRF in 11%. Obesity in elderly patients with CRF is a growing etiology of CRF, occurring in 36% of RCRF. Compliance in elderly patients under NIV appears good only in 29% and medium in 48%. The ten years of follow-up showed also a progressive shift from volume cycled respirators towards pressure-cycled respirators.
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